Sustainable architecture is nothing but a green architecture. It is environmentally sensible or mindful design technique in the field of architecture. It is framed or designed by keeping economic and political issues of different country around the world in mind. Its main objective is to minimize the negative environmental impact of building in our ecosystem.

It releases the resources of ecological, economic and social from the misleading or illusion. Not only this, it also surplus the economies of Consumerism.It is a usable production of space with art or skill. It is effective in functional. Its objective is to have simple solutions, low-cost. It is accessible to everybody in present and also in the future. It also uses the minimum resources; material used in it should be durable and renewable. It is designed for minimum energy consumption i.e. low or zero. It is designed in way such that material used in it can be reused or recycled at the end of its long life.

Important goal of sustainable architecture is to made effort to reduce energy consumption. An architect uses many different techniques to reduce the energy needs and to increase the ability to generate their own energy. Therefore, they use many cost effective elements like Heating, ventilating and cooling system efficiency and also renewable energies.

Cost Effective Elements of Heating, Ventilating and air conditioning system is a well insulated building. Building insulation means Thermal Insulation, Fire Insulation, Impact Insulation and Acoustic Insulation. Thermal Insulation reduces the unwanted heat loss and decreases the energy needed by the heating and cooling systems. Fire Insulation or Fire Proofing means the act of making materials or structure resistant to fire. Impact Insulation or Package Cushioning means the way of controlling shock or vibrations caused by industrial applications. Acoustic Insulation or Sound Proofing means to reduce the sound pressure from its source. It uses noise reduction and noise absorption techniques.

Passive Solar building designs allow building to harness or absorb solar energy i.e. sunlight coming from the sun without using solar mechanism like solar cells. It retains that heat or energy and prevents it from escaping through the building. Windows are placed in such a way that it minimizes the loss of heat through its glasses. Some trees are often planted in front of windows to block excessive sunlight coming from the summer but allow the light to pass through them in winter. Building having high thermal materials helps it to retain the cool temperatures of night throughout the day.When it is designed to work with the nature and heat is to be used immediately and also efficiency of electricity is greater than 100% renewable energy is used. Renewable energy is generated through solar devices like –

(a)Solar energy: - Sun is the main source for this type of renewable energy. Solar devices are used for this purpose. Some examples are like solar panels, solar water heater etc. In solar panel photovoltaic cells are used. It directly converts solar energy to electric energy. They are placed at some angle to absorb or collect maximum heat efficiently. In summer, angle is latitude – 15 degree and in winter it is latitude + 15 degree.
(b)Wind energy: - Wind or Airflow is the main source for this type of renewable energy. Example for this is Wind Turbine. Its functionality is depends on the wind speed i.e. if wind speed increases power output increases and if it decreases power output also decreases. Preferred locations are areas where winds are stronger like high attitude site, offshore.
(c)Heat Pumps: - Heat pump or Air Source Heat Pump take or absorb heat from cool place and dump it into a hot place. It is inexpensive. There are many types of Heat pumps like ground-source, water source, and air source.

Recycled material and lower volatile organic compound are used. When the order building is demolished, some good wood, doors, windows or any other part which can be reused are taken. Also the non-toxic materials and paints are used. Some sustainable materials are harvested wood, denim, coconut, sea grass, bamboo, calcium sand stone, clay, fibre plates, sheep wool etc. Waste management i.e. collection, recycling or disposal of waste materials is used.In architects view point we are attempting to sustain architectural – art, environment, our (human) eco system, life and culture. Sustainability can be learned or understood as the objective of long term and on- going maintenance of human beings and our ecosystem. Sustainable development must seek ecological-threats into accounts.